Focus and scope
Scope Focus of the study is analyzed using the Mubādalah theory perspective, which emphasizes the principles of humanity, balanced relationships, equal human relationships, mutuality and partnership. The Mubādalah theory perspective views men and women as equal subjects, so that both have the same rights and opportunities to play a role in various fields. Research with Mubādalah perspective analysis is important as an effort to realize gender equality and justice in various sectors of life. Studies analyzed using Mubādalah theory are not limited to studies on husband and wife relationships in the household, but also all family members such as parent and child relationships and studies on family and community relationships (domestic and public).
Focus
- Religion and Family: Analysis of patriarchal textual interpretations, as well as religious interpretations that place men as leaders and women as subordinates.
- Law: Analysis of the influence of government policies on gender equality.
- Local Traditions and Culture: Study of the influence of cultural/customary traditions in shaping gender equality.
- Economic: Evaluation of access to economic resources;
- Social: Analysis of social structure and relations between groups;
- Politics and Leadership: Analysis of women's participation in the decision-making process;
- Health: Analysis of differences in opportunities, rights and treatment between men and women in access, services and health policies
Scope
1. Religion and Family:
a. Influence of Religious Texts (Misogynistic Verses)
b. Patriarchal Interpretation of Religious Texts
c. Restrictions on Women in Following Certain Rituals and Worship.
d. Female Ulama Movement
e. Husband and Wife Relations in Households
f. Rape in Marriage
g. Balance in Childcare Patterns
h. Sexual Violence Against Wives
i. Discrimination in the Distribution of Inheritance and Property Rights
2. Law:
a. Gender Bias Legal Reform
b. Legal Protection Against Domestic Violence, Sexual Harassment and Trafficking
c. Differences in Rights in Marriage, Divorce, Child Custody
d. Lack of Access to the Courts
e. Discrimination in the Legal Process
f. Few Women in Legal and Prosecutorial Positions
3. Local Traditions and Culture:
a. The Role of Women in Culture, Local Customary Traditions
b. The Dual Role of Women in Rituals and Ceremonies
c. Restrictions on Women in Following Certain Traditions
d. Stereotypes of Women as "Guardians" of Tradition
e. Lack of Recognition of Women's Contributions to Cultural Preservation
f. Restrictions on Women in Making Cultural Decisions
4. Economic:
a. The Role of Women in Economic Development
b. Women and the Environment
c. Discrimination in Recruitment and Promotion
d. Differences in Pay for the Same Job
e. Lack of Employment Opportunities in Strategic Positions
f. Lack of Access to Credit and Financing
g. Differences in Land and Property Ownership Rights
h. Differences in Pay Between Men and Women
i. Lack of Allowances and Social Benefits
j. Differences in Opportunities to Get Career Promotions
k. Discrimination in the Creative Industry
5. Social:
a. Patriarchy in Social Structure
b. Labeling (Stereotypes) of Women
c. Marginalization of Women
d. Double Burden for Women
e. Discrimination and Harassment in the Workplace
f. Career Gap in the Workplace
g. Role of Women in Educational Institutions
h. Lack of Learning Opportunities for Women in Remote Areas
i. Stereotype of Women as Incompetent in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering) Fields
6. Politics and Leadership:
a. Participation and Leadership of Women in the Regions
b. Women and Power in Decision Making
c. Lack of Representation of Women in Parliament and Government
d. Discrimination in General Elections
e. Stereotype of Women as Incompetent in Politics
7. Health Sector:
a. Lack of Access to Reproductive Health Services
b. Discrimination in Treatment and Care
c. Differences in Awareness of Mental Health
d. Reproductive Health
e. Mental Health
f. Maternal and Infant Mortality
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